Thoeries Of Evolution Essay example - 1815 Words

Thoeries of Evolution nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Evolution is the process by which living organisms originated on earth and have changed their forms to adapt to the changing environment. The earliest known fossil organisms are the single-celled forms resembling modern bacteria; they date from about 3.4 billion years ago. Evolution has resulted in successive radiations of new types of organisms, many of which have become extinct, but some of which have developed into the present fauna and flora of the world (Wilson 17). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Evolution has been studied for nearly two centuries. One of the earliest evolutionists was Jean Baptiste de Lamarck, who argued that the patterns of resemblance found in various creatures†¦show more content†¦Evolution proceeds by the natural selection of well-adapted individuals over a span of many generations, according to Darwins theory(Microsoft 96). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The parts of Darwins theory that were the hardest to test scientifically were the interferences about the heritability of traits because heredity was not understood at that time. The basic rules of inheritance became known to science during the turn of the century, when the earlier genetic works of Gregor Mendel came to light. Mendel had discovered that characteristics are transmitted across generations in discrete units, known as genes that are inherited in a statistically predictable fashion. The discovery was then made that inheritable changes in genes could occur spontaneously and randomly without regard to the environment. Since mutations were seen to be the only source of genetic novelty, many geneticists believed that evolution was driven onward by the random accumulationof favorable mutation changes. Natural selection was reduced to a minor role by mutationist such as Vries. Morgan, and Bates. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;While mutation was replacing Darwinism, the leading evolutionary theory, the science of population genetics was being founded by Sewall Wright, J.B.S. Haldine, and several other geneticists, all working independantly. They developedShow MoreRelatedIntroduction to Zoology Essay650 Words   |  3 Pages Chapter 1 Review Questions 1).Why is life difficult to define? Life is difficult to define due to the fixed properties varying from earliest living forms than those from today. This represents extensive and ongoing change refered to as Evolution. So we must base our definition on common history of life on earth. 2). What are the basic chemical differences that distinguish living and nonliving systems? The basic chemical differences from distinguished living and non living systems are: Read MoreHistory of Nationalism1041 Words   |  4 Pagesof the development of the idea of nationalism. He relates it by claiming that negligence of the old languages and scripts was due to rise in literacy, compounded by the movement to end the concept of ruling by monarchy and divine right, and the evolution and progression of the printing press, thereby laying the foundations for nationalism. However, several historians and scholars have criticized Andersons theory by arguing that the idea of nationalism existed within cultures quite earlier thanRead MoreGlobalization Has Improved The World1490 Words   |  6 Pagesthird of fourth. Chapter 3-The McGregor s Theory X and Theory Y potion of the chapter was very interesting to me. In this theory, Theory X and Theory Y represent the divergent assumptions that managers can hold about organizational functioning. A Thoery X manager assumes that a strong and forceful hand is essential for harnessing the efforts of basically unmotivated workers. On the contrary, Theory Y managers assume that workers are highly motivated to satisfy achievement and self-actualization needsRead MoreThe Expansion Of Urban Development Essay1466 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Transportation infrastructure has always shaped the evolution and economic position of cities. First, our major cities largely grew around seaports. Next, urban development took place along rivers that formed the backbone of the industrial revolutions in the United States. Railroads opened up landlocked interiors of nations, fostering a third wave of city growth outward from their main terminals. Then, the expansion of suburban roadway systems created a fourth wave of urban development. WeRead MoreTaylorism and Human Relations school of thought2175 Words   |  9 Pageseven managers do assign or move towards new management approach, they still use some of the traditional management approach as a guideline or backbone in new management approach. Taylorism and Human Relations gave a great contribution to management thoery and although some industries have moved away from it, this two apporach still applied today. Taylorism remain effective particular for routine, low-skilled and low-involvement working environments and Human Relations School of thought attract knowledgeRead MoreThe Survival Styles of Companies While in a Crisis Phase4932 Words   |  20 Pagescertain that the efforts made via this study have been a beneficial move in the right path. References Agarwal, R. (1998). Small Firm Survival and Technological Activity. Small Business Economics 11: 215 224. Agarwal, R. and M. 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